How does this section of Romeo and Juliet Essay

The characters are used by Shakespeare to feature a feeling of misfortune and urgency. The â€Å"Captain† who is an unbiased figure, communicates a feeling of regret and trouble when he sees Romeo and Juliet’s dead bodies as a â€Å"pitiful site†, likewise lighting up a feeling of general torment. Juliet’s â€Å"newly dead† body is utilized with the goal that the misery and torment of her demise is felt again all around. Romeo and Juliet are depicted as â€Å"piteous woes† which depicts them as one and as reflections of misery which underlines the misfortune and surrender all expectations regarding a sentimental pair. The words â€Å"trembles, moans and weeps† are recorded qualities of enduring used to feature a feeling of misfortune and apprehension. The stun and wonder of Romeo and Juliet’s demise is featured by the reiteration of â€Å"dead† indicating how sudden this disaster truly was. Tybalt’s passing is misrepresented when Romeo and Juliet’s marriage day is portrayed as â€Å"Tybalt’s doomesday† expanding the extent of edginess and misery. Shakespeare enlightens a conundrum of euphoria and pity between â€Å"Tybalt’s inopportune death† and the â€Å"new-made lady of the hour groom† making a complexity of happiness and hopelessness. There is a merciless incongruity when Juliet’s â€Å"borrowed grave† turned into her real demise bed. At the point when this extraordinary disaster was depicted as a â€Å"accident† it passes on the picture of this incredible heartbreaking romantic tale as a minor and frivolous occurrence. Shakespeare utilizes the language of a significant character to feature an absence of gravitas and feeling in the content. Shakespeare utilizes â€Å"flowers† which speak to nature, great wellbeing, love and inspiration as an ordinary picture to feature what this catastrophe is about. The last line portrays everybody as being â€Å"punished† which again shows general affliction. Shakespeare concentrates the fault and duty on numerous individuals to stress the unpredictability of this disaster. At the point when the skipper of the watch â€Å"holds him in safety† there is a quality of doubt that proposes that there will be accuse given. The â€Å"mattock and spade† are both physical images of the Friars obligation, indicating the express immediate fault and duty, of the Friar. The way that the families are uninformed includes a feeling of puzzle and shows all the more plainly the hurried whimsical and unconstrained nature of the marriage. At the point when Montague asks â€Å"What further burden plans against mine age?† it shows misfortune, double duty and the loss of youth and guiltlessness. Shakespeare plays upon a maternal nature when Juliet is depicted as a â€Å"daughter† just because, which is considerably less formal and enthusiastic, passing on a genuine picture of anguish and lamenting. Shakespeare utilizes Romeo and Juliet’s â€Å"st’len marriage day† to depict a feeling of shamelessness and pessimism. When â€Å"Juliet pined† it helps us to remember the hurried and rushed marriage. When Juliet is portrayed as â€Å"doing viciousness to her self†, it presents to us an exacting perusing of self destruction, yet in addition lays a more extensive and surmised fault on Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare portrays the medical caretaker as â€Å"privy† to show the attendants obligation in leaving well enough alone. Shakespeare features a feeling of goals and end to inconvenience by passing on inconspicuous indications using his characters. There is a recuperating of a crack when Shakespeare utilizes Romeo and Juliet’s demise to introduce a positive picture of the families which is demonstrated when Capulet says â€Å"O sibling Montague† Which is utilized as a positive picture of new solidarity and a security between the two families. The sculpture in â€Å"pure gold† stresses the value and significance of this disaster. Montague praises the Capulet’s when he says â€Å"true and dedicated Juliet† indicating that regardless of all the distress and sadness there is as yet a feeling of energy. The goals is discolored by the way that it is still â€Å"glooming† yet it despite everything gives us a feeling of harmony and when the â€Å"Prince† who is unbiased rehashes this which depicts a general feeling of anguish. The â€Å"sun† speaks to pictures of inspiration and in spite of a feeling of misery and distress there is as yet a feeling of quiet and new harmony. There is a feeling of association and holding when Balthasar says to the Prince â€Å"to a similar spot, to this equivalent monument† demonstrating the more seasoned previous eras struggle and Balthasar speaks to youth and guiltlessness so he additionally speaks to the capacity to change perspectives and stop the contention and obstinacy that has gotten so imbued. In this area Shakespeare utilizes terrible viewpoints to feature catastrophe towards the end. The Princes guidance is to have â€Å"patience† and delayed down which is an unexpected update that Romeo and Juliet’s deadly imperfection was that they hurried in to their affection and marriage. Monk exhorted Romeo and Juliet to back off and â€Å"bear this work of paradise with patience† yet they despite everything stayed surged which is Shakespeare’s method of helping us to remember Romeo’s hubris. The Friar needs his â€Å"old† life to be relinquished underlining considerably more the loss of youth, blamelessness and change. There is an insight that the two families have not taken in anything from this extraordinary disaster when Montague says â€Å"I can give thee more† which shows that the two families are as yet serious and are both urgent to substantiate themselves better. There is a ramifications that they are as yet intrigued by realism when the â€Å"statue† will be brought up in unadulterated gold which is another shallow endeavor to show the influence and abundance of the families. At the point when this catastrophe is depicted as a â€Å"story† it subverts the feeling of genuine torment and slanders Romeo and Juliet’s love.

Europe in World History Essay

Early Modern Europe is the term used to allude to a piece of the historical backdrop of Europe which started in 1648 after the most recent days of the Treaty of Westphalia and Thirty Years War. The war began because of some strict reasons. Then again, throughout war, the fight concentrated on a political battle between the states encompassing the Holy Roman Empire (Eusanz Organization, 2002). What was included at first was the Austrian Habsburgs in view of strict reasons supporting the Catholic side. Then again, there was an intercession with respect to Sweden on the Protestant side. France, at that point, which was a Catholic government, conflicted with Austria for political reasons. Be that as it may, in the Treaty of Westphalia, the needs of the forces were not strict but rather absolutely political in nature. France or Austria couldn't endure one another, so these two countries chose to keep a truly divided division of the HRE in various feeble and little states (Eusanz Organization, 2002). The best way to make harmony between these forces was a level of influence. Every one of the three incredible states in Europe have starting points in the medieval framework. Primitive gentries practiced political force. Modernization and the movements associated with it brought forth a class of traders and skilled workers which turned into a piece of the white collar class. The individuals from the working class got dynamic in exchange which prompted surplus increment. The job that the working class played was in every one of the state. They were dissipated along the territories of Amsterdam, London and Paris which were bases of financial development. Of the three areas, Paris had encountered minimal level of modernization, and Amsterdam the most. By the seventeenth century, Amsterdam had supplanted Antwerp as the main business city of Europe, mirroring the main job that the Dutch had taken in trade, shipbuilding, angling and abroad investigation. London, the significant seaport serving England’s business, was likewise conspicuous in view of broad exchanging contacts with the Lowlands going back to medieval occasions, while Paris had become huge principally as the political focal point of France as opposed to for business reasons. All these clarify how the historical backdrop of Europe alone has changed the historical backdrop of the world overall (Eusanz Organization, 2002). Europe’s job in world history has consistently been an issue to researchers and particularly to students of history who consistently guarantee to put Europe it a spot where it ought to legitimately be. Another even throughout the entire existence of Europe was its landmass. The landmass of Europe alone as of now has a significant job in world history. The Afro-Eurasian landmass, originating from South East Asia to North Africa secured different human advancements for a long time which were all home to either peaceful nomadism or agrarian realms. China, India, Kushan Empire, Parthian Empire and the Roman Empire all overwhelmed Eurasia. There were a great deal of re-arrangements which prompted the Roman Empire adjusting Christianity, the development of Islam, breakdown of Persia and China being vanquished by the Tang Dynasty. The job of Europe in these improvements was that it remained as a wilderness society. Christianized and Romanized brutes established Europe during these occasions. Europe was even isolated because of the way that it didn't surrender to the significant patterns of Buddhism’s scholarly advances and Islamic human advancement (with the exception of Spain). Alongside the change of the other neighboring countries came Europe being another creation itself. At the point when Charlemagne was delegated, it was the indication of European progress, which reflected the indication of Islamic human advancement when Muhammed at last lectured Islam. The historical backdrop of Europe obviously shows that it continually extended all consistently. Development unquestionably succeeded when the North East and Spain was won. Byzantium Empire was annihilated and Ottoman attack started. Europe was additionally fruitful at building up its way of life without the impact of other outside variables since it had the option to pull off Mongol’s most noticeably awful abundances. Europe, in contrast to different nations, was not an effective and rich human progress during these years with regards to accomplishments. Of course, Europe had the option to grow when Little Ice Age and the Black Death finished. As far as market and exchange, Europe got a few assets from India and China. European nations needed to get into Eurasia’s exchanging system. It can not be denied the Europe had a little populace during those occasions. On the other hand, its capacity was still extremely huge. It bigly affects world history, let its social examples alone with regards to legislative issues. Mainstream governmental issues was very surely known by Europe. European human progress veered off from the standards set up by Eurasia. These are simply among the numerous confirmations that Europe assumed a significant job in world history just by remaining all alone and not permitting itself to be impacted by different countries. These variables made Europe a critical head begin once again different countries on the planet. Indeed, a ton of social orders on the planet today have inferred its frameworks, be it monetary or political, from the development of Europe. These social orders were rapidly ready to move toward when the investment’s minor returns legitimized the consumption that was persistently growing. It can not be denied that the unpredictability level in Europe was high and was once end up being unreasonable, yet this didn’t shield Europe from accomplishing all the things it has accomplished. The historical backdrop of Europe was not generally smooth. At time, it was not upside down and individuals endured a great deal, as well. On the other hand, such case isn't one of a kind to Europe. Different human advancements on the planet had experienced a similar difficulty, and others, far and away more terrible, particularly the significant ones. Be that as it may, the circumstances and the historical backdrop of European development alone make it a novel nation from all the others. Its history made its accomplishments not the same as the others. There had been wars, and it doesn’t matter who won or lost. All things considered, the individuals who criticize European human advancement are similar individuals who are guaranteeing the rich legacy Europe brings to the table.

Home on the range

Home on the range My life Yesterday was Adams and my two-year anniversary! We celebrated with our friends with a cake and some quality reminiscing. I wanted to get party hats, but I couldnt find any at the store, alas. Dorm choice I get the feeling that a lot of people find MITs dorm choice process a little mysterious at best, so I thought Id clear up the timeline involved. We upperclassmen forget sometimes that its not crystal-clear to you. Timeline: CPW Check out dorms, meet residents, eat free food. Late May/early June receive a booklet with descriptions of each dorm written by residents, and a CD with resident-made videos. (Last years videos can be found here.) Rank each dorm and cultural house, 1 through 15, and send in the form to be run in the housing lottery. The form is usually due around the third week of June. Late July Housing lottery runs. Freshmen are assigned a temporary room The room is almost always one of their top two choices, sometimes third choice last year, 70% of students got their first choice in the summer lottery and 26% got their second choice. August 26 or 27 Arrive at MIT and put stuff in temporary room. Dont unpack. (A good strategy is to pack a suitcase with a weeks worth of stuff in it, and live out of that during orientation.) Run around and check out all the dorms and eat free food, decide if you want to enter the readjustment lottery to switch dorms. You always have the option to stay in your temp dorm if you want, although you shouldnt succumb to laziness and not explore just because you sorta like your temp dorm. August, a few days after that The readjustment lottery is run for people who have decided to switch dorms. Final dorm assignments go out the day after the lottery is run. August, probably the next day Each dorm does in-house rush, where students go around and meet people from all the floors/entries/whatever within the dorm and eat free food. Students rank floors and yet another lottery is run. Now were probably into September Final room assignments go out. Students (with help from upperclassman muscle) move into their final room assignments. Everybody gets psyched. My two cents My advice is to look at all the dorms seriously, or at least to use the i3 videos to narrow it down to your top three or four choices, then visit all three or four of those dorms during rush. You cant get all the information you need from a video you can get it from talking to a wide variety of current dorm residents. Second, Id really encourage everybody not to fixate on one particular dorm. If you like dorm X, there are other dorms that resemble it in some way you dont want to not get lotteried into dorm X and set yourself up for being miserable. Its okay to have a first choice, but make sure you like a few other choices too. Make sure to take rush seriously. Its really important that you end up in the best dorm for you and dont succumb to laziness and inertia and pick/stay based on stupid criteria. The people in your living group will probably be your most important social support system during your freshman year. Plus theres lots of free food, and who can argue with that? Also, Id encourage you to look at whats important in each dorm: the people. Some of the dorms at MIT are more aesthetically pleasing than others, but who cares? After a few weeks, the physical atmosphere will feel like home if youre with a group of people you care about. Its much better to be with great people in an older dorm than to be with people you dont like in a shiny new one. You can use amenities to guide your choice, but use people as your primary criterion. I would be particularly wary about choosing a dorm based on its possession or lack of a dining hall. People who dont live in a dining hall dorm can still eat in dining halls every night, and some people who do live in dining hall dorms never touch dining hall food. Youll be in college. Youll get food somehow, I promise. There are lots of different kinds of people at MIT, as you undoubtably noticed at CPW. Hence, there are lots of different kinds of communities at MIT. Id be careful trying to value-judge different dorms its not very nice and it hurts feelings. Plus its completely ridiculous; theres no best dorm, just one (or a few) that are best for you. Keep that in mind when youre visiting dorms during rush. Dont listen to people who say Oh, dorm X is lame and the people there are [weird, frat boys, antisocial, evil, scary, popularity whores, smelly, boring, trashy, losers]. Go there and check it out for yourself. So do a little soul-searching what kind of person are you, and what do you want in your dorm community? Theres no right answer, and all kinds of people can find a great living group at MIT. And never, under any circumstances, ask any upperclassman the following question: I got lotteried into this dorm over the summer. If I choose to stay in this dorm, can I keep the same room? The answer is no. Dont let laziness keep you from exploring other dorms. Would you rather be lazy for a week or happy for four years? Questions (Im not answering Adams questions, because Im sure hell answer them much better than I could. But hes at lab right now, so answers to his questions will have to wait, I guess.) 1. Anonymous asked, What is a postdoc? A postdoc is either a person who has gotten a PhD or the job the person takes after getting said PhD. In science, since faculty positions are few and far between, most people take postdoctoral positions for three to five years after getting their PhDs. Postdocs are usually really good at bench work and really stressed out. 2. Dan asked, In a previous entry, you said if you single major you need 180 units beyond GIRs, but for a double you dont need the full 180 more you only need 270 total more than the GIRs. Does that mean you get 180 for 1 and 90 for the other, or approximately 135 for each major? On each departments site, it gives the requirements for a degree in that major, as if youre getting a degree in just that one. So if one wanted to figure out how much of say physics they would need with a double major in math and physics, how would they see how much of each they need to take? No, you just need 270 units total outside the GIRs it doesnt matter where they come from. I mean, if you wanted to do a double in math and physics, and you finished all the requirements for each major and had, say, 48 units left over, you could take them all in math, or all in physics, or all in history. (All of my extra units, for example, have been in biology.) You can count a single subject for both majors (18.03, for example, is required for both a math major and a physics major), but it only counts as 12 units outside the GIRs. If you want to give me your email address (entering it in the email field of the comments wont make it visible to everyone else), I can hash this out with you in more detail its not a terribly clear system! If it helps, also, heres my class plan.

Technology And Its Effect On Human Interaction - 1384 Words

Albert Einstein once exclaimed, â€Å"I fear the day that technology will surpass our human interaction.† His brilliance shows in today’s era since now, technology predominates ordinary functions and paralyzes the ability for humans to ponder and generate originality. Not one individual is thus required to rigorously search for information or create ideas that are not simply available on the world web. This excessive attachment to the devices that deliver access to such a broad spectrum of information is evidently destroying human potential to excel within the realms of communication and etc. Smartphones, in particular, spark significant concern since they are portable electronic devices with the functionality of numerous gadgets combined. Researchers are concerned about the tendency of people to merely replace experiences in reality with those of the virtual world within their phones. This matter holds relevance within today’s society since a notable percentage of humans own smartphones and the activities which they participate in with the device stretches from photography to games and to mere pastime rituals. Although technology allows innovation and is dire to numerous practices that benefit humanity; excessive dependence can cripple society in ways that include communicative disability and mental disorders that can thrive in effect to such an attachment. Technological breakthroughs have allowed humanity to thrive in methods that prior generations believed impossible. TheShow MoreRelatedTechnology And Its Effects On Human Interaction Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pagessociety understand, or at least have heard someone in their lives say, technology is becoming a distraction to the human population rather than an advancement. As technology has progressed, it has increasingly become a larger and more intergraded part of our everyday lives. 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Social media technologies have become known forms of social interaction across the globeRead MoreEducation, Communication, And Evolution Of Human Intelligence Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesWith the improved living conditions, healthcare, communication, and evolution of human intelligence, technological advancement in the world today has grown to unprecedented levels. For example, as a result of technology, patients can remotely interact with medics located in different parts of the world through telehealth/telemedicine. In the field of education, students do not necessarily need to visit libraries to access books; there are several soft copies of books online that they can access fromRead MoreThe Battle Of Technology And Technology1173 Words   |  5 Pages Th e Battle of Technology Within the 21st century, technology has become very advanced and even addictive for some individuals. With the rapid growth of technology, there has been a debate on if we are overusing technology in our lives. Some people see technology as a force that has escaped from human control while others feel that technology is continually improving the quality of life. In the past, mobile phones were only used as a means to communicate via phone call or text. Today, they areRead More Effects of Technology on People Essay1182 Words   |  5 PagesDoes technology affect people or do people affect technology? Technology affects every aspect of our lives, we all use it every day with little thought. People take it for granted, sometimes knowing little about what brought that technology into existence. At the same time older generations have a hard time adopting the new technologies and continue to favor technology they are accustomed. The idea of technology is as old as the human race. To unde rstand technology; first we need a common definitionRead MoreTechnology And The Field Of Education Essay1598 Words   |  7 PagesWith improved living conditions, healthcare, communication, and evolution of human intelligence, technological advancement in the world today has grown to unprecedented levels. For example, as a result of technology, patients can remotely interact with medics located in different parts of the world through telehealth/telemedicine. In the field of education, students do not necessarily need to visit libraries to access books. There are several soft copies of books online that they can access fromRead MoreTechnology And The Field Of Education Essay1514 Words   |  7 PagesTouted for much of the improved living conditions, healthcare, communication, and furtherance of human intelligence, technological advancement in the world today has grown to unprecedented levels. For example, as a result of technology, patients can remotely interact with medics located in different parts of the world and still get services; a process dubbed telehealth/telemedicine. In the field of education, students do not necessarily need to comb libraries to access books; there are several softRead MoreBenefit Of Technology Essay1023 Words   |  5 PagesDoes technology benefit or hurt humankind as a whole? This is a question that pops up more and more as we continue to advance and integrate technology more into our lives. It is currently pretty clear that we use a substantial amount of technology some would even say to an exaggerated level. You might be thinking to yourself â€Å"what are you talking about, technology is a must it helps us live longer than ever, cure diseases and illnesses and we can even create things only imagined in science fictionRead MoreThe Impact Of Internet On The Field Of Education1377 Words   |  6 Pagesouted for much of the improved living conditions, healthcare, communication, and furtherance of human intelligence, technologi cal advancement in the world today has grown to unprecedented levels. For example, as a result of technology, patients can remotely interact with medics located in different parts of the world and still get services; a process dubbed telehealth/telemedicine. In the field of education, students do not necessarily need to comb the library to access books; there are several softRead MoreHow Technology Has Its Impacts On Family Life1585 Words   |  7 PagesInnovation is changing its shape as indicated by advanced man needs. It has a more noteworthy effect amid the season of function and additionally amid the recreation times. Human life has been created a considerable measure of the comfort which innovation has given. At the point when individuals are searching for better future utilizing innovation, internet and media shown to have several effects on human life on the other side. It has its impact in great and terrible routes on the brains of individuals

The Development Of An Integrated Treatment For Veterans...

The Development of an Integrated Treatment for Veterans with Comorbid Chronic Pain and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: Theoretical Framework Research has observed military personnel and veterans physical and psychological problems individually and mutually. The combination of chronic pain and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) experienced by veterans has left those individuals with intense pain, distress, restricted lifestyles, and disability. The problem lies within the veterans who are suffering from chronic pain and PTSD. Veterans experience a diminished quality life and are in constant physical and psychological pain. This qualitative study uses a descriptive design, along with a phenomenological method, by integrating treatment†¦show more content†¦During the first session clinicians educate participants on chronic pain and PTSD. In this first session participants are asked to generate three reasonable goals they desire to achieve through therapy. Weekly goal complet ion is examined before each session occurs. The second session is where clinicians guide participants in making sense of the chronic pain and PTSD they have endured. The third session allows participants to discuss their thoughts and feelings towards their understanding of chronic pain and PTSD. The fourth session clinicians employ cognitive reconstructing by identifying negative thoughts and giving participants the opportunity to change these thoughts into positive ones. The fifth session involves participants learning diaphragmatic breathing and progressive muscle relaxation. The sixth session, clinicians discuss avoidance and implement interoceptive exposure. The seventh session involves participants finding pleasant activities to enjoy. The eighth session is dedicated to education on sleep hygiene. The ninth session works with veterans safety and trust issues. The tenth session is where veterans learn about their own power, control, and anger. The eleventh session works on veter an’s esteem and intimacy. The final session is reserved for relapse prevention and planning for the future. Clinicians administered a pre and post treatment assessments as follows: The Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), PTSD Checklist

Buddhism In Other Countries Free Essays

Buddhism began about 2,500 years ago, when young prince Siddhartha Gautama tried to understand the causes of suffering in the world. Siddhartha was born in Lumbini, Nepal, about five hundred years before Jesus of Nazareth, the founder of Christianity, and twelve hundred years before Muhammad, the founder of Islam. He lived for eighty years sometime between 563 and 400 BC. We will write a custom essay sample on Buddhism In Other Countries or any similar topic only for you Order Now As Harvey writes, until he was twenty-nine years old, the prince lived a life of luxury in his palace within sight of the Himalayan mountains. Then, on several trips he made outside his palace, he saw for the first time people who suffered. Among them were an old man, a sick man, someone who had recently died, and a wandering monk. Following this sudden awakening to the suffering in the world, Siddhartha decided to leave his family and the safety of his palace to seek out the causes of suffering. He spent many years meditating, praying, and fasting. One day he became aware that people suffer when they want to hold on to material things. He realized that we should not become attached to possessions because nothing is permanent: eventually everything dies or becomes worn out. If we think anything will last forever, we are bound to suffer. The process of gaining Enlightenment took Gautama six years. At the age of thirty-five, Siddhartha Gautama, now the Buddha or Awakened One, began his lengthy teaching career of forty-five years. During this time he traversed Northern India with his band of disciples, discussing his teachings and practices freely with laypeople, religious leaders and officials of all kinds. He passed away at the age of eighty in 483 BCE. Schools of Buddhism The moment Siddhartha recognized the cause of suffering, he attained enlightenment, or the great awakening. From that point on, Siddhartha was known as the Buddha, the â€Å"enlightened one. † He spent the rest of his life teaching in India. As the teachings of the Buddha spread from India to other parts of Asia, two major schools of Buddhism developed: †¢ Theravada, the â€Å"Teaching of Elders† is a surviving school of the older branch of Buddhism and focuses to this day on preserving and perpetuating verbatim the original words of the historical Buddha. The Four Noble Truths, which were emphasized as the main teaching of the Buddha, are an aspect of self-benefit. Theravada extended in a southeastern direction and can be found today in Burma, Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia, Bangladesh and Indonesia. In Theravada Buddhism, the Buddha is considered a great teacher, and each individual is responsible for his or her own journey towards enlightenment †¢ Mahayana, the â€Å"Greater Vehicle† takes the broader approach to spread the teaching of the Buddha, following the heart or intention of the Buddha. The emphasis is on â€Å"upaya† or skilful means. Mahayana, traveled from India in a north easterly direction to China, Korea, and Japan. This tradition not only recognizes the Buddha as a godlike figure but also involves devotion to other enlightened being called bodhisattvas. In Mahayana Buddhism, we find different schools of Buddhism such as Zen, Pure Land, Nichiren etc. Each school has developed its unique teachings, but we always find a common basic foundation of Buddhist teachings, as the entire Buddhist sects are based upon the Buddhist sutras or scriptures, which reveal the world of Enlightenment. One important difference between the Mahayana and Theravada schools is in their understanding of the concept of the Bodhisattva. A Bodhisattva is an individual who foregoes enlightenment to help other beings. In the Theravada tradition, a Bodhisattva is considered a preliminary step to a Buddha, a point illustrated in the Jataka tales (tales of the Buddha’s prior births), many of which contain stories of individuals who sacrifice themselves for the benefit of others. In the Mahayana tradition, however, the Bodhisattva represents the highest ideal. A Bodhisattva is a person who has attained the highest enlightenment, which is expressed in service to other beings. According to the Mahayana tradition, a person who pursues his own individual enlightenment becomes trapped in an inferior kind of enlightenment like a prison. As they attempt to escape suffering in the world of illusion, they tend to take this world more seriously; they take this illusion as real. Followers of the Mahayana, who understand emptiness, learn to pursue enlightenment within the world of illusion. By doing this, they can experience emptiness directly. Less emphasis is placed on spiritual practice aimed at individual enlightenment and more on the expression of compassion in daily life. Enlightenment All schools of Buddhism believe that every living beings experiences repeated lives on earth and has the opportunity to improve its next birth by performing good deeds in a current life. They also teach that after death, a being can be reborn into another form, such as an animal or insect, and will continue to be reborn until enlightenment is achieved. Enlightenment brings the ultimate goal of nirvana, the final death, which marks release from the cycle of rebirth and suffering. Buddhists believe that by following the Middle Way, the Four Noble Truths, and the Eightfold Path, freedom from the endless cycle of rebirth is possible. Powers write about the central teachings of Buddhism which include: The Middle Way: You must reject extremes of either wanting everything or renouncing everything and seek the balance of the Middle Way. The Four Noble Truths: 1. Suffering – Existence is a realm of suffering, from birth to growing old, becoming sick and dying, all life is suffering. 2. The Source of Suffering – Suffering arises from desire, wanting selfish pleasures, continued life, power and material possessions all lead to suffering. 3. Stopping Suffering – One must completely stop wanting things in order to control desire. Only when no desire remains is enlightenment possible. 4. The Way to Stop Suffering – The only way to stop suffering and attain enlightenment is to follow the Eightfold Path. The Eightfold Path If a person follows these eight rules, the world will become a place where all people can live in harmony: 1. Right Understanding-It is only when one understands the four noble truths and follows the Eightfold path can one find true happiness 2. Right Aims – One should always love and help others and not cheat or want things that other people have 3. Right Speech – One should always tell the truth, and listen and communicate in order to understand others 4. Right Action – One should never kill, steal or be jealous of others. One should only perform good deeds for the sake of others benefits and not for ones own reward. 5. Right Work – One should only do work that will not harm other living creatures 6. Right Thinking – One should focus thoughts on positive in order to overcome difficulties. 7. Proper Awareness – One should never let ones’ body control the mind and should know when to say no. 8. Meditation – One should train one’s mind to concentrate and think deeply, to be inwardly attentive and reflective in order to find peace within ourselves. Buddhism in India As an independent spiritual tradition in India, Buddhism diverged from Hinduism (traditional Indian thought) in several major areas, though both aim at the common goal of emancipation. Consonant with Indian tradition, Buddha accepted the general world view and interpretation of existence current in the Upanishad tradition. He looked upon existence as a series of transmigrations or in Buddhist terms rebirths. Life is suffering within the confines of samsara. The law of cause and effect in the moral realm — karma — is the arbiter of destiny, and the ultimate goal is that of release into an ineffable and indefinable experience called Nirvana. Buddha accepted, with qualification, the Indian principle of meditation and concentration as the central means for breaking through the veil of delusion and gaining liberation. It is also clear that the development of Buddhism as a religious system depended on Indian reverence for the sage. This also led to the attempt to preserve his words, and the creation of a distinctive and independent religious tradition. After abandoning his life as a prince and reaching an understanding of the suffering in the world, the Buddha, or Enlightened One, spent the remaining forty years of his life teaching people about his Middle Way, that those who follow the middle path reject the extremes of luxury and poverty, and pursue a life of good intentions and actions. The rise of Buddhism is closely connected to the prevalent practices in the Brahamanical religion (Early Hinduism). As Weber writes the Brahamanical religion had become increasingly intolerant (of the lower classes) and exclusive (open only to Brahmins and the aristocracy). The emphasis on conducting rituals (with the help of priests) was gradually alienating the masses. Sanskrit was the prerogative of the Brahmins and the aristocracy. In such an environment, Buddha’s teaching offered an alternative to the mainstream religion. The majority of its early followers were the merchants and the Sudras (untouchables). Buddhism provided a path to reach God. The tenets and rules of Buddhism were very simple to understand, appealing to the mass population. Buddha also preached in the local language, Prakrit. The practice of conducting rituals was seen as superfluous to reaching salvation. Buddha set up monasteries known as Sanghas. In his life, Buddha travelled throughout the whole of northern India spreading his message and setting up monastic orders. Since these monastic orders had to beg for their living, they were generally located near settlements, often on hillsides, etc. Often the monasteries were located on trade routes frequented by merchant caravans. They offered shelter to the merchants, who in return made generous donations. After the Buddha’s death, his cremated remains were placed within mounds called stupas. These burial mounds eventually became the focus of Buddhist monasteries and attracted pilgrims from far and wide. In the earliest Buddhist art in India, the Buddha is not represented in human form. Instead, his presence is indicated by a footprint, an empty seat, a parasol, or another sign such as the stupa. Buddhism in China Buddhism entered China perhaps as early as the first century BCE through the first century CE. It was carried by monks and merchants who made their way along trade routes from India through Central Asia to China. The history of Buddhism in China is a complex story of how a foreign religion was imported and transformed into a Chinese system of beliefs. Though Buddhism reached China from India by the first century, it did not flourish until the political and economic upheavals of the Six Dynasties period (220–589). In those troubling times, Buddhism emphasis on personal salvation and rejection of worldly ties attracted believers from every walk of life. At other times, Buddhism prospered when an emperor chose it as his official religion, but its foreign origin led other rulers to persecute believers. Buddhism survived these periodic challenges and continues to flourish in China today. At first, Chinese Buddhist beliefs and temple art were quite similar to the ideas and images brought from India. These ideas traveled to China from India along the Silk Road and via a southern sea route. Many Indian Buddhist concepts were somewhat changed to better mesh with the existing Chinese traditions, such as Confucianism and Daoism. For example, unlike the Indian emphasis on personal salvation acquired by living a celibate life, Chinese Buddhists encouraged filial piety to complement the Chinese tradition of ancestor worship. Buddhist teachings flowed unsystematically into China from India. As a result, their diverse tendencies gave rise to a variety of schools and interpretations. The history of the formation of Buddhist schools divides into two periods. The initial period was known as the age of the â€Å"Six Schools and Seven Branches. † During the second stage, the encouragement and support of Buddhist scholarship by the Sui and T’ang emperors led to the formation of more distinct and well-defined systems of Buddhist teaching which had enduring significance. This age marks the zenith of Buddhist intellectual leadership, influencing Chinese culture deeply and reflecting the gradual assimilation of Buddhism to the Chinese mind. Buddhism in Japan By the time Buddhism arrived in Japan from Korea and China in the mid-sixth century, nearly a thousand years had passed since the Buddha lived on earth. The religion had grown, evolved, and spread throughout Asia, developing a rich diversity of imagery and beliefs. The Japanese continued this process of modifying Buddhism to fit their particular cultural preferences. Skilton write about the two main stages which marked the development of Buddhism in Japan. First, from the sixth through the twelfth century, the governing regime used Buddhism as part of a strategy to centralize control. Within one generation of its introduction into Japan, Buddhism became the official state religion. It took a few more centuries for the Buddhist belief system to permeate society and truly coexist with native Shinto beliefs. By the eighth century, the two religions existed in relative integrated harmony. At this initial stage, imagery used in both Buddhist painting and sculpture reflected the tastes of the social elite. The majestic and awe-inspiring images tended to focus on divine hierarchies, meditative paths to enlightenment, perceptions of afterlife and similar themes. The development of Japanese Buddhist culture and art was also greatly influenced by the Tang dynasty (618-907) China, which was in the midst of a golden age. The second major stage in the development of Japanese Buddhism occurred in the late twelfth century, when political control shifted from the imperial court to a rising warrior class. During this period of unrest, two major Buddhist movements gained prominence: popular forms of Buddhism adopted by ordinary people and Zen Buddhism (Chan, in Chinese), which had been imported from China When Buddhism reached Japan in the sixth century from Korea and China, its sophisticated philosophical message was difficult for most Japanese to understand. A small elite was then learning Chinese (Japan’s first written language) and some of them began to study Chinese Buddhist texts, as scholars and members of the clergy do in Japan down to the present. However, most Japanese were first attracted to Buddhist art, to Buddhist magic or to the possibility of closer ties with the advanced civilization of China, where Buddhism had already spread. Whatever the attraction, by the eighth century, when the Japanese established their first permanent capital in the city of Nara, the Japanese court had embraced Buddhism as well as Shinto. Buddhism became powerful in Japan because it met the needs of people on all levels of life. It transmitted major symbols of spiritual power in Indian tradition, while also teaching Chinese Confucian morality and aspects of religious Taoism, focusing on its utility in this life. It also stressed its importance for concerns of the afterlife, claiming that it cared for both affairs of this world and the other world. Conclusion As Buddhism spread from India to China and Japan it has changed and assumed new forms and dimensions. In China it has been transformed by Confucianism and Taoism and evolved further in Japan. Like other religions, the Buddhist tradition and its teachings evolved, adapted, and developed in different ways as they encountered and became at home with different cultures and countries in various times and places; thus, over the centuries, there arose numerous schools of Buddhist thought and traditions of practice, emphasizing different aspects of the teachings. Despite the incredible variation, all have the same goal of leading beings to enlightenment. References Weber, Edmund. â€Å"Buddhism: An Atheistic and Anti-Caste Religion? † Journal of Religious Culture. No. 50. (2001) Harvey, Peter. Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History Practice. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. ) Powers, John. A Concise Encyclopedia of Buddhism. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2000. Skilton, Andrew. A Concise History of Buddhism. 2nd Edition. Birmingham, England: Windhorse Publications: 1997. How to cite Buddhism In Other Countries, Papers

Detailed Understanding of Different Types Of Organizations In UK

Questions: 1: Understand the Organisational Purposes of BusinessesQ1.1 Identify at least four different types of organisations that exist in the U.K. Select two organisations those identified and describe them, for example, in terms of their legal structure;Guidelines: Your answer should include the following: A description of an organisation in general; Identification of four different types of organisations in the U.K. This could include defining their legal structure; Selection of two organisations from those identified and describe them, for example, in terms of their legal structure; Identification of the purpose of your selected organisations.Q1.2.Select two different organisations of your choice and describe the extent to which these organisations meet the objectives of its stakeholders.Guidelines: Your answer should include the following: Select two organisations of your choice. Describe the meaning of a stakeholder; Identify the different stakeholders of your chosen organisation and i ts likely objectives; Describe how your chosen organisations attempts to meet the objectives of its different stakeholders.Q1.3Explain the responsibilities of ONE of the organisations you selected in Q1.2. In addition, explain the strategies employed to meet these responsibilities.Guidelines: Your answer should include the following: Identification of the various responsibilities organisations have to its stakeholders; Explanation of your chosen organisations responsibilities to its stakeholders; Explanation of how your chosen organisation meets these responsibilities.M1To achieve M1 you must evaluate the strategies employed to meet the responsibilities of the organisation. In your evaluation assess the advantages and disadvantages of these strategiesD1To achieve D1, use critical reflection to evaluate your answer to Q 1.3 and M1. In your reflection critically evaluate your chosen organisations responsibilities. Are the responsibilities achievable? Critically evaluate the strategies the chosen organisation is using; are they appropriate and sustainable? What challenges is it likely to encounter in its attempt to fulfil and mitigate these responsibilities?2: Understand the Nature of the National Environment in which Businesses OperateQ2.1 Using countries of your choice explain how economic systems attempt to allocate resources effectively.Your answer should include: An explanation of what is meant by an economic system and identification of the three main economic systems; An explanation of scarcity and resources in the context of economic systems; Selection of a country or countries of your choice, explanation of two economic systems in that country/those countries and how these economic systems attempt to allocate resources.Q2.2Using the UK as an example, assess the impact of fiscal and monetary policy on at least two businesses and their activities. In your answer, you should include the following:You are required to make a presentation using power points sl ides including: A brief background of the UK economy, in terms of size, GDP, GNP, growth etc. An explanation of fiscal and monetary policy in the UK; Choose at least two organisations to use as examples to support and reinforce your answer; Identify and explain how the UKs fiscal and monetary policies could impact on your chosen business organisations and their activities in the UK.M2To achieve M2, you may conduct research into the factors that impact on the UK economy. Based on this research, assess the various factors that could impact on the nature of the UK economy. Identify the various sources of data which you have consulted to provide you with a better understanding of the UK economyD2Based on your answer for Q 2.2 write a memo to the managing director of one of the business selected in your Q 2.2 answer. Critically evaluate at least two economic indicators. In addition, critically evaluate the relationship between fiscal policies and monetary policies and assess the issues b usiness organisations might experience as a consequenceQ 2.3 Evaluate the impact of competition policy and two other regulatory mechanisms on the activities of a selected organisation.Your answer should include the following: A selection of an appropriate organisation; An explanation of competition policy and how this could impact on your chosen organisations activities; An evaluation of competition policy in terms of advantages and disadvantages, negative and positive impact on your chosen organisation; Identification and explanation of two other regulatory mechanisms within the UK and an evaluation of these in the context of your chosen organisation. Evaluate the positive and any negative impact on your chosen organisation.Q3.1 Explain how market structures determine the pricing and output decisions of businesses in the UKYour answer should include the following: A selection of two businesses operating in two different industries the UK; Explanation of market structures; this sh ould include examples of at least two types of market structure; Explanation of how market structures could determine the pricing and output decisions of your chosen businesses.Q 3.2 Illustrate how market forces shape organisational responses using at least two organisations as examples and at least 5 market forces.Your answer should include the following: A selection of two organisations which you may have used previously in this paper; A description of market forces with at least 5 market forces identified in the UK. One example of a market force is demand. An illustration of the way in which your identified market forces impact on your chosen organisations and how the organisations attempt to respond to these market forces. At least 5 examples should be used for this question.Q3.3 You have been appointed as a Virgin Atlantic business executive in the UK. Write a report to the Directors, explaining how the business and cultural environment in the UK can shape the behaviour of this organisation.Your answer should include the following: A background of Virgin Atlantic A description of culture and an appreciation of its impact on the business ; A description of business environment(political, legal, economic et) and its impact on the business; An assessment of how Virgin Atlantic could adapt its business activities in response to cultural factors.M3Your report written to the directors should use a professional approach, with clear headings and a coherent and logical approachD3Critically evaluate the UKs changing cultural composition assessing the implications for the UK businesses and the overall business environment.Your evaluation should identify and assess the positive and negative impacts the changing cultural composition has. What are your projections for the UK as a result of the cultural changes?4: Be Able to Assess the Significance of the Global Factors that Shape National Business ActivitiesQ4.1 You are a young entrepreneur willing to expand your busi ness abroad. Discussion on the significance of international trade to UK business organisations.Prepare this presentation using a format of your choice (if you use power point slides, take a screen shot of them and paste into your answer)Your answer should include the following: Description of the meaning of international trade; Discussion of the significance of international trade to a selected business organisation operating in the UK. Your discussion should include the positive as well as negative impact on local businesses.Q 4.2 Recently the globalisation debate is getting very tense. Analyse the impact of global factors on UK business organisationsYour answer should include the following: A description or definition of globalisation; Identification of two drivers to globalisation; An analysis of at least two global factors which affect or could affect UK businesses. The globalisation debate; the advantage and disadvantage support your answers with constructive argument Q 4.3 Fo r an organisation or organisations of your choice, evaluate at least two European Union policies and explain the impact of these polices on your chosen organisation(s).Your answer should include the following; A selection of an organisation or organisations; A brief description of the purpose of the European Union; An identification and description of at least two European Union policies; An evaluation of how these policies impact upon your chosen organisation(s). This evaluation can cover positive as well as negative impacts to your chosen organisation(s). Answers: Introduction This study firmly focuses on analyzing the different types of organizations in UK. However, the study also describes the nature of national business in terms of operating throughout the world. Moreover, through analysis, analyst represents the understanding of organizational behavior from the point of view market environment. However, global factors that helps in shaping the national business at UK also explains here. 1.0 Understanding the organizational purposes of Businesses 1.1 Identification of various organizations An organization has an administration structure that establishes relationships among a variety of activities as well as associates and assigns roles and responsibilities to transmit various tasks (Crosby 2012). The four different types of organizations that are relevant to businesses in the UK are as follows: Sole trader: There is no legal difference between the proprietor as well as the business but the proprietor of the business uses trading name instead of his own. Partnership: There is a legal contract planed up for them in identifying the rights as well as responsibilities. There is no legal difference between the proprietor as well as business. Private limited company: The legal responsibilities of the companies are restricted to the resources invested (Arosa, Richie and Schuhmann 2014). The shares are not operated on the stock exchange. When the business goes ruin, then the owner is individually legally responsible for debts acquired. Public Limited Company: There should be two shareholders and directors and the shares are accessible to the community through the exchange of stock. There is a trading certificate to do the trading and borrow capital. Vodafone Group Plc is a public limited company and the purpose is to provide a wide range of services such as voice, message as well as data across the mobile and fixed networks. The board is accountable for the shareholders for conducting the business (Begg 2009). The shares of the company are traded publicly on the market such as it is listed in the London Stock Exchange. Twitter is a social networking tool and its primary purpose is to network online. It is a media partnership company across the world and across the strategic verticals such as sports, news, music and television (Elegido 2014). The company pays business tax based on its revenue, but later the shareholders pay the tax on the identical profits during capital gain tax on the trading of their shares and income tax on their bonus. 1.2 Achieving the objectives of stakeholders The stakeholders of Vodafone are as follows: Customers: In terms of meeting customers objectives, Vodafone make new plans everyday such as decreasing price of call rate, special bonus scheme, lifetime validity, free caller tune, etc. Communicate with the customer via taking feedback through online as well as offline manner (Mercurio 2012). In addition, the company pays more attention and listens with their customers. Employees: Vodafone treats all the employees equally and by offering benefits such as medical insurance, share plans they are able to meet their objectives. In addition, Vodafone monitor their employees performance through 360 degree monitoring method. Community: Vodafone works with different charities and welfare. For example, employees at Vodafone raised 940,000 for charity. In addition, Vodafone also allows 24hours paid leave to their employees for volunteering (Vodafone.co.uk 2015). The stakeholders of Twitter are as follows: Communities: Twitter uses website to support their departmental goals. The company launches campaigns on the websites to meet the objectives. Non-government organizations: Twitter meets regularly with the organizations in order to raise issues that concern how the business affects the economy and its required solutions. 1.3 Explanation of Responsibilities of Vodafone and Strategies employed to meet of its stakeholders There are several responsibilities played by the Vodafone such as Government Responsibility: The Company always maintains their governmental rules as well as paid taxes on time. Vodafone is always aware about the order of government of UK and helps to build nation. Employee Responsibility: The senior management of the company always focuses on developing the human resource department as well as focus on improving the mental ability of the employee (Mercurio 2012). Clearly discuss about the conflicts in any situations between the organizations and employee. Social Responsibility: Always try to satisfy their customer via taking feedback and providing service according to the same. In terms of developing the local community, Vodafone makes lots of charity to the society. Environment Responsibility: The company uses only paper and more focuses on avoiding the usage of plastic (Mercurio 2012). Focus on plantation within the premises of Vodafone Company. In terms of meeting the responsibilities of their stakeholders, Vodafone maintain business ethics properly. Provide equal opportunities and diversity for their employees. Make charity for the social welfare. Figure 1: Strategies employed for meeting stakeholder responsibilities (Source: Hayibor 2013, pp- 386). 2.0 Understanding the scenery of the national situation in which business operate 2.1 Explanation of Economic systems that attempt in distributing resources An economic system is a set of regulations that a country involves in order to systematize its rights and allocation of economic resources (Sawyer 2004). There are three types of economic system such as planed economy, mixed economy and market economy. The country is United Kingdom that operates on the varied economic system. In UK, the decisions are to be taken through the free market but at the same time, the administration maintains a least wage, policy and regulations for protecting the environment and also gives health facilities. It also operates on market economy where all the decisions are based on customers needs (Mearman and Plumridge 2012). The vital economic problem within society provides a process for allocating the resources and expenditure that are not able to meet the customers expectations given by limited resources. In the market economy, the government intervention is kept to a smallest amount while supply as well as demand has the capability to pay influence decision making. In planed economy, resources are planned centrally and the government controls the allocating of resources such as capital, labor etc. In the mixed economy, it consists of elements both private enterprises as well as interventions by the st ate. 2.2 Impact of fiscal and monetary policy on business The government concludes fiscal policies, as the sum of tax organization has to pay the administration. If they increase the level of tax, then the firms have fewer amounts to money to spend (Crosby 2012). If the government compels low taxes, then the firms desire to invest in numerous sectors. Monetary policy has a consequence on not only the trade organization, but also overall financial system. The long run average GDP growth is 2.5 percent. Due to decrease in the tax rate to 26 percent, it gives an impact on the yearend tax balances. The shareholder of Vodafone who is the individual resident of the UK tax purposes is entitled in order to calculate their liability to the UK income tax (Mercurio 2012). The tax-free allowances and all income earners are allowed in order to earn an amount of income before they start to pay the tax. As per the annual report of Vodafone, 45.9bn revenue achieves and its expansion is around 3.2 percent. It is because the government of UK expands the monitory policy by buying bonds to spend on the Vodafone services as well as the products are there for the demand of the customers are increased by 14.5 percent to 370.9 m. Monitory policy of UK gives an impact on Twitter to control its financial variables within an economy by interest rates. Fiscal policy attempts to control the level of economic activity throughout changing the taxation as well as administration spending (BBC News, 2015). Due to these policies, Twitter has strong economic growth but not inflationary growth. The government of UK makes various monetary as well as fiscal policies in order to control the economic business of Vodafone such as follows: Change in the rate of interest: Vodafone faces financing difficulties as the cost of capital increases while the customers reduce the level of consumption, which will reduce the sales volume of Vodafone. Change in exchange rate: If the rate of exchange changes, then it will have a vital effect on the business activities of Vodafone (Crosby 2012). If pound appreciates, then the business operations of Vodafone, which is operated in other countries, face problems while the sale of home country increases. Change in the rate of tax: If it changes through fiscal policy, then it benefits the business of Vodafone by increasing the quality of their services without change in the price. 2.3 Effect of competition policy and regulatory method Vodafone invests lot of money on their products and service growth. Competition policy improves the efficiency of the organization (Mokushev 2013). It ensures consumer choice, technological innovation that supports efficient competition of price with the suppliers. Competition policies of Vodafone are based on four policies such as antitrust, liberalization of marketplace, state aid and merger control. It splits the monopolistic market and creates certain that each entrance is on new competitors. The policies are based on fair-trading as well as environmental policies. Change in the policy of the competitors has made a change within the activities of Vodafone, as the business has to adjust with the existing market in order to cope up with the competitions (Mercurio 2012). Vodafone makes its competition policy based on its cost as well as diversification in their services. 3.0 Understanding the behavior of organizations in market environment 3.1 Market structure concludes price and output choices of business in UK The two of the market structures are monopolistic competition as well as oligopoly. In the monopolistic structure, both Vodafone and Twitter has little segmented of market share those have not greatly influenced both price and output. They are supplying goods in the market. Within this market structure, both the company impose the price what they want to maximize their profit (Sawyer 2004). They are not caring if the customers are willing to pay for their services. In oligopoly structure, the firm controls the market share; even they are determining both price as well as supply (Payne and Ireland 2015). Price clients are the buyers or sellers those are relative to the market and affect the transactions for the market values. Within this market structure, the organization sets the price low to the potential entrants as the company considers the demand of the customers. It is identified that both willingness as well as capability to defend the share of the market. 3.2 Market forces shape organizational responses Market forces illustrate the relation among supply and demand. Organizational reaction to marketplace forces has an enormous impact on the position and earnings of both Vodafone and Twitter. The profit of Vodafone increases as they critic their margin perfectly to be able to offer and sell goods without bringing extra finances to the business (Sawyer 2004). The marketers use five market forces: competitive rivalry, bargaining power of the customers, bargaining power of the suppliers, threat of substitutes and threat of entry. As virgin, t-mobile are working in the market, therefore there is a high level of rivalry for Vodafone. As the customers can buy same services from the rivalry of Vodafone, there is strong bargaining power (Begg 2009). Due to geographical existence, Vodafone has a good control over their suppliers. Vodafone faces threat due to launching same substitute at lower rate. Twitter has high risk of competition due to its competitors economics of scale as well as financial capital (Mercurio 2012). As users are giving the option to make, Twitter accounts private and turns the social network sites into antisocial ones. As the customers have high bargaining power, therefore they can switch to Facbook, Google AdWords. It reduces the revenue of Twitter. By depending on suppliers, twitter gains revenue. 3.3 Business and cultural environment shape the behavior of Virgin Atlantic Virgin Atlantic offers commercial airline services. Its service is based on customer focused with an importance on value for money, innovation, quality and fun. The organizational structure of Virgin Group is group de-centralized, as it encourages the silo behavior. The customers enter in Virgin services under a solo portal (Rivlin 2015). Based on organizational culture, the cultural factors such as cultural values, customs and traditions have been known to have an effect on the attitudes of the customers towards airport transport with the performance of employees. The business environment of Virgin Atlantic is analyzed as follows using the below factors: Political factors: In UK, the political situation is stable while the government uses various supportive regulations. Virgin Atlantic considers the inductive political circumstances. Economic factors: The factors are rate of interest, rate of employment and rate of inflation. It makes the activities of Virgin Atlantic easier (Begg 2009). Social factors: The customer behavior, expectations as well as actions are determined by the social norms. Technological factors: With change in technology, Virgin Atlantics increase the quality of their services as well as reduce the price of their airline tickets (Payne and Ireland 2015). 4.0 Assessing the significance of global factors on UK business organizations 4.1 Significance of International Trade International trade is essential for each nation, as it is not probable for each of the organization to grow as well as produce goods and services in a country (Merrison 2006). It is both cost-effective as well as economic. Benefits of the international trading on the trade organizations of UK are as follows: Cost of production: By trading in other countries, the company tries to lower its cost of production (Sigalas 2012). As for example, Vodafone has opening in different countries, but sometimes the workers of UK go to other countries to labor for that facilitate them to earn allowance. Materials: For most of the manufacture, UK is dependent on other countries. The raw resources such as banana, mangos are coming from other countries, as it is not growing in UK (Begg 2009). Further, many countries need luxurious materials and goods such as cars, engines that are imported from UK. The risks of the international trading on the business organizations of UK are: Misunderstanding the local legal framework: Due to difference in the law in other countries, it creates misunderstanding in understanding the legal framework of each of the country. Unstable profits: At the time of dealing at the international level, it is simple to leave exchange of currency at final moment (Gov.uk 2014). In doing this, there is a threat of not receiving the best exchange rate that has a negative impact on the commerce profit. 4.2 Impact of global factors International trade and the UK economy: Global factors provide an opportunity to create international trade that is raising the financial system of UK (Sawyer 2004). The associations are operated in other nations where they get cheap labor with rare materials. Market Opportunity: UK has a better reputation in the market due to its progression in the technology as well as worldwide factors that provides opportunity in the UK market in order to conduct business in the entire world. Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization Globalization gives a larger market; therefore for selling more goods and money create new jobs. The products are becoming cheaper; therefore, the goods are becoming more popular in the market. Globalization causes unemployment in the industrialized countries, as the firms are moving their business to places where they can able to acquire cheaper workers (Zhang 2011). Globalization leads to monetary problems, the companies are not working; therefore, the companies have to close down and investors pulled out the money. 4.3 Impact of policy of the European Union After joining the European Union (EU), the businesses of UK must follow the rules and regulations. The countries have to track the legislation of union. The policies of European Union are that if any EU countries wish to perform business, then it requires contacting with the European Money Union as well as requires transecting in Euro (Begg 2009). The policies of EU have control on the UK business throughout spending as well as taxation law. All the UK companies are exchanging their goods with other EU countries exclusive of any type of barrier. If the companies of UK have license, they can export their goods to other EU countries. The policies have a direct impact on the business operations of the member country. The organization has to consider if there is any regulation as well as policy that will limit the operations of the business. If the business organization will not follow the European laws, then the company will face under the law of violating the agreement of EU member cou ntries. The climate change act set target for the EU to reduce the emissions of carbon (Mokushev 2013). It has an impact on the productivity of the business. Social policy requires the organization to implement health and safety and employment opportunities whereas non-compliance causes the organization to suffer. Conclusion This study analyzes the economic factors such as speed of economic development, fiscal and credit policies, rate of currency and inflations shape the business of Virgin Atlantic by having an effect on income and demand. The competitive buyers distinguish the supply curve and the aggressive sellers distinguish the demand curve that is flexible at the marketplace price. Due to threat of entry, Vodafone always keep their eye on market behavior as well as reduces cost as comparison to their rivalry. References Books Begg, D., 2009.Foundations of Economics. 4th ed. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Morrison, J., 2006.International Business Environment: Global and Local Marketplaces in a Changing World. Palgrave Macmillan. Sawyer, M., 2004.The UK Economy: A Manual of Applied Economics. 16th ed. OUP Oxford. Journals Arosa, C., Richie, N. and Schuhmann, P., 2014. The impact of culture on market timing in capital structure choices.Research in International Business and Finance, 31, pp.178-192. Crosby, M., 2012. Macroeconomic Policy: Demystifying Monetary and Fiscal Policy.Economic Record, 88(281), pp.295-296. Elegido, J., 2014. 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